Two (2) Wireless Bands are currently in use, 2.4 Gigahertz (GHz) and 5 Gigahertz (GHz) in the United States.  The 2.4 GHz band has three (3) non-overlapping channels and a maximum speed of 11 Mbps (1.375 MB).  5 GHz has twelve (12) non-overlapping channels and speeds up to 54 Mbps (6.75 MB).  Newer AC technology reaches speeds of up to 1.73 Gigabits per second (Gbps) (216 MB) by using multiple radio connections.  See table below for more information.

*Coverage of the 2.4 GHz band is three times as far as 5 GHz based on bandwidth size. 

Typical 2.4 GHz antennas state a coverage of 150 feet, or 46 meters, indoors.  5 GHz antennas are rated at 50 feet, or 15 meters.  In reality, a number of factors limits this range.  Metal objects, such as HVAC venting, commercial wall studs and mirrors, reflect WiFi signals creating shadow and dead spots.  Wood and other materials with natural water concentrations absorb WiFi signals.

Antenna orientation is key to ensuring signals are propagated properly.  Dipole antennas create a WiFi field similar to a donut.  Wireless Access Points without external antennas use the rounded surface of the device as an antenna.  The WiFi field created by these devices is shaped like a mushroom.  Ensure your WiFi field is properly positioned to cover the WiFi clients.

Because 2.4 GHz has only three (3) non-overlapping channels, too many broadcasting devices in close proximity causes interference for all radios.  Further, this is the same frequency used by microwave ovens creating additional interference.  It is highly recommended all 2.4 GHz devices and radios be replaced with 5 GHz devices to avoid collisions.  5GHz also offers enhanced security capability and increased speeds.

Data speeds are listed in Megabits per second (Mbps).  The actual Megabit (MB) rates are found by dividing the Mbps by eight (8), since 1 Byte equals 8 Bits.